Medical References

The following is a list of medical references for fracture treatment using electromagnetic therapy.

1. Osterman Lee A., M.D. et al. Scaphoid Non-union Hand Clinics, Vol. 14, No. 3., August 1988
2. Brighton, C.T., and Pollack, S.R., Treatment of Recalcitrant Non-union with a Capacitively Coupled Electrical Field. The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery, Vol 67-A, No. 4, April 1985 pp.577-585
3. Bassett, C.A.L., et al. Pulsing Electromagnetic Field Treatment in Ununited Fractures and Failed Arthrodeses. J.A.M.A. Vol 247, No. 5. 623-628, 1982
4. Kleinert, J.M., and Zenni, E.J. Non-union of the Scaphoid. Review of Literature and Current Treatment. Orthopaedic Review. Vol 13, No. 3, 125-141, 1984
5. Bassett, C.A.L., et al. Treatment of Therapeutically Resistant Non-unions with Bone Grafts and Pulsing Electromagnetic Fields. J. Bone Joint Surgery 64A: 1214-1222, 1982
6. Melone, C.P., et al. Treatment of Non-unions with Electrical Stimulation. Presented at the annual meeting of the New York Hand Society, 1985
7. Ascherl R., et al. On the Treatment of the Loosening of Endoprostheses by means of Pulsing Electromagnetic Fields. Bioelectrochemistry and Bioenergetics, 14 (1985) 161-167
8. Kennedy, W.F. and Roberts, C.G. Treatment of Loosened Hip Prostheses with Pulsed Electromagnetic Fields. Trans. BRAGS, 1988.
9. Brighton, C.T. and Pollack, S.R., Treatment of Non-union of the Tibia with Capacitively Coupled Electrical Field. The Journal of Trauma, Vol 24, No.2 pp. 153-155
10. MacDonald, M.K., and Bonneau, M.J.H., Case Report: Tightening a Loosened Hip Prosthesis using Capacitively Coupled Electric Fields. Electromagnetics in Medicine and Biology, Brighton, C.T., Pollack, S.R. San Francisco Press, 327-330, 1991.